Assessing The Impact of Personality Characteristics on Students’ Visual Perception for Landscapes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29080/emara.v3i1.95Keywords:
Cattell's 16PF Questionnaire, visual perception survey, extroversion/introversion, intelligence, creativity, iranAbstract
As landscape plays a crucial role in people’s lives, it is of great importance that landscape is designed based on people’s interest. Therefore, identification of the landscapes that people prefer and the factors that influence their perception are imperative. This research attempts to investigate the contribution of personality characteristics towards students’ landscape perception in Isfahan, Iran. In this aspect, students’ characteristics of extroversion/ introversion, intelligence, and creativity were measured by using Cattell’s 16PF Questionnaire. Also, the respondents were asked to express their feeling of satisfaction and happiness towards six common landscape types of Iran, by rating 30 images of mountainous, urban, forest, desert, water, and farmland landscapes. The results of Pearson Correlation Coefficient indicated that extroverted students have a greater feeling for both mountainous and urban landscapes than introverts. Also, less creative students preferred mountainous, urban, and farmland landscapes. Moreover, perception for farmland landscape was negatively correlated with intelligence among students.
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References
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Aiken LR (2003) Psychological testing and assessment, 11th edn. Allyn & Bacon, Boston
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Cattell RB (1956) A shortened "Basic English" version (Form C) of the 16 PF Questionnaire. The Journal of Social Psychology 44:257-278. doi: 10.1080/00224545.1956.9921928
Egan S, Stelmack RM (2003) A personality profile of Mount Everest climbers. Personality and Individual Differences 34:1491-1494. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00130-7
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Eysenck HJ (1965) Fact and fiction in psychology. Penguin Books, Baltimore
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Piaget J (1964) Part I: Cognitive development in children: Piaget development and learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching 2:176-186. doi: 10.1002/tea.3660020306
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Relph EC (1976) Place and placelessness. Pion Ltd, London
Saif AA (1996) روانشناسی آموزش: روانشناسی یادگیری وتربیت[Educational psychology: Psychology of learning and instruction], 15th edn. Agah Publication, Tehran
Schultz DP, Schultz SE (1994) Theories of personality, 5th edn. Books/Cole Publishing Company, Wadsworth, California
Sevenant M, Antrop M (2006) Mapping cultural dimensions of the urbanized landscape for a stratified survey of landscape preference: A case study of Ghent, Belgium. Alfa Spectra STU, Planning Studies-Central European Journal of Architecture and Planning FA STU 10:11
Sternberg RJ, O'Hara LA (1999) Creativity and intelligence. In: Sternberg RJ (ed) Handbook of creativity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 251-272
Swanwick C (2009) Society's attitudes to and preferences for land and landscape. Land Use Policy, 26, Supplement 1:S62-S75. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2009.08.025
The Education Department of Isfahan (2013) سالنامه آمار استان اصفهان[Statistical yearbook of Isfahan State]. Microsoft Word. Isfahan: Education Department of Isfahan.
Winkel GH, Malek R, Thiel P (1969) The role of personality differences in judgments of roadside quality. Environment and Behavior 1:199-223. doi: 10.1177/001391656900100205
Aiken LR (2003) Psychological testing and assessment, 11th edn. Allyn & Bacon, Boston
Augé M (1995) Non-places: Introduction to an anthropology of supermodernity. Howe J (trans). Verso Books, London
Bergum BO, Cooper T (1977) Undergraduate self-perceptions of creativity and independence. Perceptual and Motor Skills 44:187-190. doi: 10.2466/pms.1977.44.1.187
Cattell HE, Mead AD (2008) The sixteen personality factor questionnaire (16PF). In: Boyle GJ, Matthews G, Saklofske DH (eds) The SAGE handbook of personality theory and assessment. SAGE, Los Angeles, vol 2, pp 135-159
Cattell HE, Schuerger JM (2003) Essentials of 16PF assessment. John Wiley & Sons, New York
Cattell RB (1956) A shortened "Basic English" version (Form C) of the 16 PF Questionnaire. The Journal of Social Psychology 44:257-278. doi: 10.1080/00224545.1956.9921928
Egan S, Stelmack RM (2003) A personality profile of Mount Everest climbers. Personality and Individual Differences 34:1491-1494. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00130-7
Engler B (2003) Personality theories: An introduction, 6th edn. Houghton Mifflin, New York
Eysenck HJ (1965) Fact and fiction in psychology. Penguin Books, Baltimore
Fathi-Ashtiani A, Dastani M (2012) آزمونهای روانشناسی: شخصیت و سلامت روانی [Psychological tests: Personality and mental heath], vol 7. Be'sat, Tehran
Field, A. (2009). Discovering Statistics Unisng SPSS (3rd ed.). Los Angeles: SAGE Publications.
Heiberger, R. M., & Holland, B. (2004). Statistical Analysis and Data Display: An Intermediate Course with Examples in S-Plus, R, and SAS Series (Springer Texts in Statistics). New York: Springer Science+Business Media Inc.
Helfand GE, Sik Park J, Nassauer JI, Kosek S (2005) The economics of native plants in residential landscape designs. Landscape and Urban Planning 78:229-240. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2005.08.001
Justice Ministry of Isfahan (2008) معرفی استان[Introduction to the province]. Governmental Organization. http://www.tazirat.gov.ir/esfahan/default-6799.aspx. Accessed 13 March 2014
Kim KH, Cramond B, VanTassel-Baska J (2010) The relationship between creativity and intelligence. In: Kaufman JC, Sternberg RJ (eds) The Cambridge handbook of creativity. Cambridge University Press,.New York, pp 395-412
Kline, R. B. (2009). Becoming a Behavioral Science Researcher: A Guide to Producing Research that Matters. New York: Guilford Press.
Krejcie RV, Morgan DW (1970) Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement 30:607-610. doi: 10.1177/001316447003000308
Levy MR (2009) Visual perception and Gestalt grouping in the landscape: Are Gestalt grouping prinicples reliable indicators of visual preference? Dissertation, Mississippi State University
Maciá A (1979, April) Visual perception of landscape: Sex and personality differences. Paper presented at the National Conference on Applied Techniques for Analysis and Management of the Visual Resource, Incline Village, Nevada
Majd V (2007) تاریخچه اصفهان [History of Isfahan]. Cloob. http://www.cloob.com/c/yarannesfejahan/212374. Accessed 13 March 2014
Min BW (2011) An ecological aesthetic in restructuring urban landscapes two cases in Seoul, South Korea. Dissertation, Arizona State University
Piaget J (1964) Part I: Cognitive development in children: Piaget development and learning. Journal of Research in Science Teaching 2:176-186. doi: 10.1002/tea.3660020306
Rajabi P (2008) Iran at a glance. Vasigh A (trans). Yasavoli, Tehran
Reddy YS, Jyothi MN (2005) Creativity and intelligence: Do high and low creatives differ in their intelligence? In: Sarsani MR (ed) Creativity in education, 1st edn. Sarup & Sons, New Delhi, pp 15-21
Relph EC (1976) Place and placelessness. Pion Ltd, London
Saif AA (1996) روانشناسی آموزش: روانشناسی یادگیری وتربیت[Educational psychology: Psychology of learning and instruction], 15th edn. Agah Publication, Tehran
Schultz DP, Schultz SE (1994) Theories of personality, 5th edn. Books/Cole Publishing Company, Wadsworth, California
Sevenant M, Antrop M (2006) Mapping cultural dimensions of the urbanized landscape for a stratified survey of landscape preference: A case study of Ghent, Belgium. Alfa Spectra STU, Planning Studies-Central European Journal of Architecture and Planning FA STU 10:11
Sternberg RJ, O'Hara LA (1999) Creativity and intelligence. In: Sternberg RJ (ed) Handbook of creativity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 251-272
Swanwick C (2009) Society's attitudes to and preferences for land and landscape. Land Use Policy, 26, Supplement 1:S62-S75. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2009.08.025
The Education Department of Isfahan (2013) سالنامه آمار استان اصفهان[Statistical yearbook of Isfahan State]. Microsoft Word. Isfahan: Education Department of Isfahan.
Winkel GH, Malek R, Thiel P (1969) The role of personality differences in judgments of roadside quality. Environment and Behavior 1:199-223. doi: 10.1177/001391656900100205
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Published
2017-09-18
How to Cite
Alizadeh, S., Sadeghi, M., & Abdullah, A. (2017). Assessing The Impact of Personality Characteristics on Students’ Visual Perception for Landscapes. EMARA: Indonesian Journal of Architecture, 3(1), 23–32. https://doi.org/10.29080/emara.v3i1.95
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