Biotropic : The Journal of Tropical Biology

Kepadatan Megabentos pada Wilayah Konservasi Perairan di Sekitar Kabupaten Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia

2024-01-18T00:51:10+00:00

The Sawu Sea National Marine Park is a marine conservation area in East Nusa Tenggara Province that is known for its high marine biodiversity. The coral reef ecosystem in this conservation area is home to ecologically and economically important megabenthic organisms. Megabenthos are important regulators of marine ecosystems, acting as indicators of coral reef health. However, information on the types and densities of megabenthos in this conservation area is scarce. Research on megabenthos is critical for assessing coral reef health and informing conservation strategies. The aim of this study is to collect baseline data on megabenthos in the Sawu Sea National Marine Park waters surrounding West Kupang and Semau. The Benthic Belt Transect method was used to collect data at six locations throughout the marine park. The information was examined for species composition and density. To assess differences and relationships between locations and megabenthic categories, statistical tests such as Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson's correlation, as well as the Morisita index, were used. Four of the eight target megabenthic categories were identified in the study, with blue starfish and giant clams being the most abundant. There was no statistically significant difference in megabenthic density across locations or ecological and economic categories. The research uncovered potential habitat preferences among various megabenthic categories. The presence and distribution of megabenthos in the waters of this marine park provide important information about the health of coral ecosystems. These findings can help guide conservation efforts.

Kajian Pemanfaatan Tanaman Tradisional Indonesia untuk Perawatan Kulit atau Rambut

2024-01-18T01:23:51+00:00

Ethnobotany is a scientific approach used to explore the potential of plant species traditionally utilized by communities. This study aims to analyze the utilization of plant types and parts, as well as their phytochemical contents, for skin and hair care among the Indonesian population. The data from this research enriches the understanding of the rich ethnobotanical knowledge and practices related to skin and hair care among the Indonesian populace. The methodology employed involves a combination of survey methods and comprehensive literature analysis. Survey data was collected from 62 respondents from 22 different geographic regions in Indonesia. The survey results revealed the usage of 15 plant species from 13 families by the Indonesian community for skin or hair health maintenance. Based on literature review, it was found that most of these plants contain compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins. According to the literature study, these compounds have been proven to provide significant benefits in skin or hair care.

Manipulasi Temperatur Terhadap Perkembangan Sex Ratio Black Shoulder Fly (Hermetia illucens)

2024-01-24T03:55:29+00:00

Temperature is one of the factors that influences the life cycle of Hermetia illucens. This research aimed to determine the effect of temperature differences stimulated at the larval stage on the sex ratio of H. illucens. Knowledge of the correct use of temperature can be used as a reference in cultivating H. illucens. The research design used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with temperature variations (27oC; 30oC : 36oC). The variables observed included the sex ratio of H. illucens. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA at a significance level of 95%. The research results show that the optimal sex ratio for cultivation is at room temperature (24°-31°C), namely 55% females and 45% males. The 27°C temperature treatment had the highest number of female, 70.83%, while the number of male was the highes. found at a temperature of 30°C, 62.50%.

Potensi Fungi Rizosfer Tanaman Damar (Agathis dammara) Sebagai Agensia Biokontrol Fusarium oxysporum

2024-01-20T01:05:57+00:00

Plant diseases become one of the dangerous threats to agriculture. Fusarium oxysporum is one of pathogen that attack many agricultural plants. The spread of plant pathogens must be controlled. One of the way to control plant pathogens is to use biological control methods by utilizing biocontrol agents using antagonistic fungi to control F. oxysporum. Antagonistic fungi can be found in various habitats such as rhizosphere soil that contains a lot of exudate released by the roots so that the area is rich in organic compounds. Sampling was carried out in the rhizosphere soil of Damar plants from the Baturraden Botanical Garden. Research on antagonistic fungi from the plant rhizosphere needs further exploration. Therefore, this study was conducted to obtain isolates of rhizosphere fungi that have potential as antagonists against F. oxysporum. This research was carried out with method stages ranging from sampling, isolation, characterization and identification to antagonism tests. The isolation results stated that five different fungi were found from the rhizosphere of the Damar plant. The fungi found were then tested for antagonistic ability against F. oxysporum and it was found that R5 isolate had the best ability to inhibit the growth of F. oxysporum with an inhibitory percentage value of 72.06%. This ability can be new information to be able to develop further about the potential of large plant rhizosphere fungi in their inhibition against plant pathogens.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Pucuk Tebu sebagai Sumber Selulosa Bahan Baku Plastik Biodegradable

2024-03-06T04:00:50+00:00

Plastic waste continues to be a significant environmental issue due to the extended degradation period it requires. Bioplastics represent an innovation in the conventional plastic cycle, being made from natural materials such as agricultural waste containing cellulose. The objective of this research is to determine the influence of adding cellulose from sugarcane tops in the production of biodegradable plastic. The research method begins with the extraction of cellulose from sugarcane tops, including preparation stages, wax removal, bleaching, hemicellulose removal, and delignification. Sugarcane top cellulose is utilized as a raw material for bioplastic. Cellulose with concentrations of 0%, 10%, 30%, and 50% by weight is processed together with a mixture of water and tapioca, to which chitosan and glycerol are subsequently added. Observation parameters for the bioplastic include functional group characterization and mechanical tests, encompassing transparency, tensile strength, elongation, density, thickness, water absorption, and biodegradability. The research results indicate that the characterization of functional groups using FTIR produces spectra of O-H, C-H, C=C, C-O, indicating the constituent components of cellulose, glycerol, and chitosan. Meanwhile, based on the mechanical tests, the 50% sugarcane top bioplastic is the most favorable, with transparency value of 89% transmittance, tensile strength of 39.2 MPa, elongation percentage of 17.32%, density of 0.8444 g/cm3, thickness of 0.276 mm, water absorption of 98.36%, and biodegradability over 4 days. Based on the mechanical tests, the produced bioplastic holds potential for food packaging material.

Pemanfaatan Pati Sagu (Metroxylon sago) dan Limbah Kulit Jeruk Sebagai Bioplastik Pembungkus Makanan (Edible Film) Ramah Lingkungan

2024-03-15T06:40:04+00:00

The increasing use of plastic harms the environment because plastic has properties that are difficult to degrade, resulting in environmental pollution, while the demand for plastic is increasing day by day. Bioplastics are a form of innovation from technological developments in modern times. One example of bioplastic is edible film which can function as food packaging that can be consumed. Edible film made from sago starch and orange pectin is believed to be able to produce edible films that have good characteristics. The results of this study, all nine treatment variations did not meet the standards for bioplastics that had been determined by SNI and JIS. The highest tensile strength values were obtained from testing variations in the concentration of 6% sago starch and 2% orange peel pectin (8,643 Mpa), while the highest elongation values were obtained from 4% sago starch and 2% orange peel pectin (5,33%.). Based on the results of the edible film using sago starch and pectin, it showed that more pectin content decrease the biodegradation rate.

Identifikasi Keanekaragaman Jenis Burung di Kawasan Kampus UIN Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris Samarinda Kalimantan Timur

2024-01-18T01:34:20+00:00

The State Islamic University of Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris (UINSI) Samarinda is a state Islamic campus in East Kalimantan that has good vegetation conditions so there are various types of birds in the area. This research aims to know the different kinds of bird that exist in the region of UINSI Samarinda Campus so as to be a first step towards conservation efforts. The method used in this study is Point Count by observing birds at a specified location. The bird identification was done with the help of MacKinnon's books. The data obtained was analyzed by the diversity index (H’), the relative abundance index (IKR), the redness index (E), the richness index of the species and its conservation status. The results of the study obtained 16 species of birds that are known to have one species endemic to Kalimantan, namely Lonchura fuscans. The analysis of the bird's H’ value of 2.19, the highest IKR is Passer montanus of 25.89%, the E value of 0.76, and the species richness index of 3.22. In addition, the conservation status of the birds found is 14 species of birds with Least Concern status (LC), one Vulnerable status (VU) and one Endangered status. (EN).