Biotropic : The Journal of Tropical Biology

Analisis Mikrobiologi Dengke Naniura Ikan Mas (Cyprinus carpio L) Terhadap Pengaruh Konsentrasi Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC)

2023-07-20T04:17:58+00:00

Dengke naniura is a traditional fermented food made from carp which is often consumed in the traditional ceremonies of the Batak people. This study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) the best concentration of andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium DC) on microbes in dengke naniura. The method used in this research is an experimental method. The experimental design that will be used is a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 4 variations of andaliman concentrations of 0 g (A0), 25 g (A1), 27.5 g (A2), 30 ( A3). Dengke naniura’s microbial testing was carried out at the Samudra University Laboratory. The best concentration after addition andaliman to the microbial colonies that appeared after incubation was at the A3 (30 g) concentration. The number of microbes that can be counted on the addition 30 g andaliman is 3.66 x 10⁴ colonies/g had met the standardization of SNI for food maximum 5.0 x 10⁵ colonies/g.

Pemanfaatan Limbah Organik Tulang Ayam dan Sisa Nasi Sebagai Pakan Larva Lalat Tentara Hitam (Hermetia illucens L.)

2023-07-20T04:23:37+00:00

Organic waste originating from restaurants brings problems to the environment because it can cause bad smells and environmental pollution. To reduce this pollution, organic waste can be decomposed and used as feed for black soldier fly (BSF) larvae can be useful as fish or poultry feed with high nutrition. Therefore, this research aimed to determine and study the feeding of organic waste, namely leftover rice and chicken bones, on the growth of BSF larvae. The resesearch was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 feeding treatments consist of leftover rice, chicken bones, and combination of leftover rice and chicken bones; and control treatment used T-51 pig feed. All teratments used triplicates. Data obtained from this study consist of BSF larvae growth parameter for 12 days, and proximate analysis of the feed and BSF larvae. Results showed that larvae fed with a combination of leftover rice and chicken bones was the best treatment to support the groeth of BSF larvae as shown by values of waste reduction index (WRI) 0,034 g/day, substrate reduction 51%, and 98 % of BSF larvae survival rate 98% in 12 days.

The Ability of Secondary Metabolites from Actinomadura sp. as COVID-19 Protease Inhibitor: In Silico Method

2023-07-20T04:30:08+00:00

The pandemic of COVID-19 disease in the late of 2019 resulted in the massive screening for drug discovery purpose. However, there is still no reports about the ability of natural products from bacterial group of class Actinobacteria as COVID-19 inhibitor. The aim of this research is to identify the potential ability of natural compounds from Actinomadura sp., the member of class Actinobacteria, against two receptors of COVID-19 protease with PDB ID 6LU7 and 5R7Y. The eleven natural compounds were docked using AutoDock Vina and the interaction between receptor and ligands were analysed using LIGPLOT. The most potential compound was simulated for its interaction stability using Yet Another Scientific Artificial Reality Application (YASARA) dynamics. The result of molecular docking by AutoDock Vina showed that Sagamilactam become the most potential inhibitor for viral protease as it had lower binding affinity (6LU7:-12 and 5R7Y:-10.4) compared to the both of native ligand (6LU7:-11.4 and 5R7Y:-4.6). Furthermore, the interaction of the most potential ligand showed the low number of Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) deviation in molecular dynamic simulations. This result validated the docking method that used and indicated that secondary metabolites produced from rare actinobacteria of Actinomadura sp. have promising possibility to inhibit COVID-19 protease.

Karakteristik Bakteri Endofit Akar Tanaman Kedelai Penghasil Hormon Tumbuh IAA

2023-07-26T07:49:13+00:00

The increase in soybean production and productivity has become a significant focus in the effort to meet global food demands. The use of environmentally friendly agricultural technologies and practices is a vigorously pursued strategy. Endophytic bacteria are one of the potential bioagents that can stimulate plant growth. The ability of endophytic bacteria to synthesizing the plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) can be an alternative in the effort to enhance soybean plant productivity and ensure long-term agricultural sustainability. The objective of this study is to analyze diversity and ability of endophytic bacteria isolated from soybean roots to produce IAA. This research was conducted through several stages, including the isolation of endophytic bacteria from soybean root, evaluating the isolates' ablity for IAA production, and characterizing potential isolates based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics. This research indicated that a total of 11 endophytic bacteria isolates were obtained from soybean plant roots. Among them, four isolates, namely EAK4, EAK5, EAK6, and EAK8, demonstrated the capability to synthesizing IAA ranging from 35.46 to 44.56 ppm. These isolates showed various macroscopic and microscopic characteristics and hold promise as biological agents that promote planth growth.

Produksi Biomassa, Analisis Nutrisi dan Senyawa Bioaktif Jamur Grigit (Schizophyllum commune)

2023-07-31T02:15:09+00:00

Schizophyllum commune, a wild edible mushroom, has gained significant attention due to its potential as a valuable source of biomass, nutrients, and bioactive compounds. This study aims to explore the production of mycelial biomass and analyze its nutrient and bioactive compound content to be applied as a raw material in food production. The Schizophyllum commune was cultivated in potato dextrose broth media with temperature (25, 30, 35, and 40^oC) and pH treatments (3, 7, and 8) to determine the optimal conditions for biomass production. Mycelia biomass was harvested and extracted. Nutrient and bioactive compounds were analyzed. Results showed that 30^oC and pH 7 give the highest biomass production. Proximate analysis revealed that the mushroom's mycelia biomass contained high protein, low fat, and fiber. The analysis also demonstrated a rich profile of bioactive compounds, including flavonoid and phenolic compounds, respectively1 2,32 ± 0,95 dan 415,72 ± 15,23 g/100 g mycelia dry weight. Schizophyllum commune exhibits promising prospects for mycelial biomass production.

Penentuan Tipe Inhibisi Senyawa Analog Kurkumin CA2 terhadap Enzim α-Glukosidase dari Beras Lapuk

2023-08-31T08:36:29+00:00

Diabetes is a health problem that exists throughout the world, especially in Indonesia. Based on data compiled from the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) in 2017, people with diabetes in Indonesia reached 10.3 million people, and if not handled properly it is suspected that there will be an increase to 21.3 million people in 2030. Curcumin analog compounds can used for the treatment of diabetes by inhibiting the enzyme α-glucosidase. The curcumin analog compound used in this study was synthesized from 4 methoxybenzaldehyde with cyclopentanone which was then called the CA2 compound. The α-glucosidase enzyme used in this study was obtained through extraction of weathered rice with an optimum pH of 4.5 and the enzyme extract fraction used was fraction II which had the highest activity compared to fractions I and III. The results showed that the values of the kinetic parameters K_m and V_max of the extracted α-glucosidase enzyme were 1.53 mM and 0.03 U/mL, respectively. The K_m kinetic parameter value changed to 1.66 Mm while the V_max value did not change when the α-glucosidase enzyme was inhibited by CA2 compound, so that the type of inhibition shown by CA2 compound was competitive.